Heart Health

Atherosclerosis, often referred to as hardening of the arteries, occurs when the inner lining of arteries is damaged, leading to the buildup of fat and plaque. This thickening narrows the arteries and can restrict blood flow, particularly affecting the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart. This condition can result in chest pain (angina) and increase the risk of heart attacks, making arterial health an important part of overall cardiovascular health.

Risk factors for coronary artery disease can be categorized into non-modifiable and modifiable factors: 

a) Non-modifiable risk factors: 

• Age 
• Family history of heart disease 
• Gender (males are at higher risk) 

b)Modifiable risk factors: 

• Smoking 
• High cholesterol levels 
• High blood pressure
• Obesity 
• Diabetes 
• Sedentary lifestyle 
• Unhealthy diet 

Improving lifestyle habits can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease​

Adopting a heart-healthy diet is vital. Recommendations include: 

1. Increasing intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes 
2. Reducing trans fats and saturated fats; opting for unsaturated fats instead
3. Choosing lean proteins such as chicken and fish while limiting red meat. 
4. Reducing sodium intake
5. Maintaining a balanced diet to help control weight and cholesterol levels

​Heart disease is often perceived as a male issue; however, it is a leading cause of death for women as well. Factors such as menopause can increase risk due to changes in cholesterol levels and blood pressure. Women with specific conditions like diabetes or a family history of heart disease are at an elevated risk 

Key preventive measures to support heart and cardiovascular health include:

• Regular health check-ups to monitor blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels.
• Engaging in regular physical activity.
• Quitting smoking.
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques or therapy.
• Following a balanced diet tailored to individual health needs.